25 Big Ideas - the Science that's Changing our World

Author:         Robert Matthews

Published:   2007

Publisher:    Oneworld Publications

Paperback: 200 Pages

The 25 Big Ideas described in this book are based on the discoveries which make a point that the universe in which we live in is magical, bizarre, strange and defies common sense. These ideas have challenged many eminent scientists and mathematicians. These ideas prove that in reality science is not as objective as it is made out to be but it has its own uncertainties and subjectivity since it is a human endeavor. There is still a long way to go before we understand completely our universe.

The book consists of 25 chapters (one for each idea) categorized under the following heads as follows:

• Ourselves - and Others: Consciousness, Small World Theory, Game Theory
• Doing the Impossible: Artificial Intelligence, Information Theory, GM Crops
• Life: Out of Africa, Nature versus Nurture, The Selfish Gene
• The Earth: Catastrophism, Plate Tectonics
• Mathematics that Counts: Bayes's Theorem, Chaos, Cellular Automata, Extreme Value Theory
• In Sickness and in Health: Evidence-based Medicine, Epidemiology
• The Physics of Reality: Special Relativity, Quantum Entanglement, The Standard Model, The Theory of Everything
• The Universe- and Our Place In It: The Big Bang, Dark Energy, Parallel Universe, The Anthropic Principle

Each chapter is brief (6-8 pages) and self-contained. It begins with a very succinct summary which introduces the idea in a nutshell and explains it relevance in our day to day life. This serves as an appetizer for the the reader to proceed with the chapter. The chapter then takes us through the story of how the idea evolved, its current state of understanding. It also explains the associated technical terms  and provides suggestions for further reading.

A very well-written book which attempts to explain the abstruse ideas in a very interesting manner . But it requires the reader to have at least a high-school level knowledge of science and mathematics to fully appreciate and enjoy it.

Useful Links:

• Summary of all the Ideas and Further Readings
• Sample Chapter  :  Consciousness.

Agile Project Management with Scrum

Author:          Ken Schwaber

Published:    2004

Publisher:     Microsoft Press

Paperback: 192 pages

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Scrum is a widely used agile project management framework created by the author of this book Ken Schwaber in collaboration with Jeff Sutherland.  It is  used to manage complex development projects where the  requirements are frequently changing and there is a dire need to deliver good quality product within a short period of time. Scrum framework is simple  but appearances can be deceptive !  Implementing Scrum in an organization is not a trivial exercise. The  mindset of managing and executing projects in a traditional manner poses major challenges in effective implementation of Scrum.

This book contains over 20 real-world case studies drawn from author's  wide experience in implementing Scrum in the organizations he consulted. The problems described in these case studies are the ones which are typically encountered by the organizations who are in initial stages of Scrum adoption.

Hence I highly recommend this book for such the organizations since it can provide very useful insights and guidance to avoid the common pitfalls in their Scrum journey.

Key Insights and Lessons  from the Case Studies:

• Scrum Master has to balance the needs of both marketing and development departments.
• Product Owner by prioritizing the Product Backlog based on requirements with the  highest business value will be in a position to call for releases of functionality when the business benefit more than offsets the costs of implementation.
• A  team can successfully self re-organize itself  to deliver value if clearly told that it is responsible for managing itself and has full authority to do whatever it takes to meet the Sprint goal within the guidelines, standards, and conventions of the organization.
•  People tend to interpret Scrum within the context of their current project management methodologies without fully understanding - the underlying principles of self-organization, emergence, and visibility and the inspection/adaptation cycle; the paradigm shift from control to empowerment, from contracts to collaboration, and from documentation to code;  the subtle but critical shift from controlling to facilitating, from bossing to coaching.
• Hence It is important to have a well-qualified ScrumMaster to coach the team.
• While the ScrumMaster’s job is to protect the team from impediments during the Sprint, it is necessary  for him to operate within the culture of the organization. The ScrumMaster has to walk a fine line between the organization’s need to make changes as quickly as possible and its limited tolerance for change. When some changes are culturally impossible the ScrumMaster must accept the situation and focus on the things that can be changed rather than getting frustrated about things that cannot be changed.  
• Out-of-the-box Scrum doesn’t have practices that address the complexities of every project. Therefore  ScrumMasters should have an in-depth understanding of  the Scrum theory in order to  develop new /modified practices appropriate for the prevailing situation and also consistent with the theory. 
• ScrumMaster has to teach the Team to talk in terms of business needs and objectives, a language which a Product Owner can understand.
• While Scrum provides many opportunities to inspect a project and make the necessary adaptations to optimize the benefits, those responsible for making the adaptation must have adequate information on cost/benefit and assumptions data to make the best decisions.
• Scrum works only if everything is kept visible for frequent inspection and adaptation through Sprint review meeting, the Daily Scrum, the Sprint Backlog, and the Product Backlog. 
• Find a way to make Scrum understandable to everyone in his or her vocabulary. Some people want to understand Scrum and will track a projects’ progress in Scrum terms. Other people want to understand the project only in the traditional context. Adapting Scrum to their vocabulary eases the change from traditional processes to the Scrum process.
• The increase in productivity continues until a Team reaches seven people, give or take two. At that point, the shared work, vision, and concepts start to require additional support, such as documentation. Regardless of the scaling mechanism, above a modest number like seven, the productivity of a Team starts to decline, the miscommunications increase, the mistakes proliferate, and frustration grows. 
• Scrum relies on self-organization as well as simple, guiding rules. Depending on the situation either can be used as scaling up mechanism. When the complexity is so great that self-organization doesn’t occur quickly enough, simple rules help the organization reach a timely resolution. If self-organization occurs in a timely manner, it is preferable  to rely on it rather than forming rules. Sometimes the ScrumMaster can aid self-organization by devising a few simple rules, but it is easier for the ScrumMaster to overdo it than not do enough.

Janner's Complete Speechmaker

Author:       Greville Janner

Published:   2003

Publisher:    Thorogood

Hardcover:  410 Pages

This book is based on a lifetime's experience of the author in public speaking and in training the communicators at every level.

It is divided into four sections :

Book One - Speechmaking :  Provides the complete range of essential knowledge and guidance needed for a skilled speaker. It covers preparation, delivery, language, practicalities,  handling audiences and occasions,  chairing a meeting etc.

Book Two - Model Speeches: Consists of  draft speeches for varying occasions like Openings, Business Speeches, Introductions and Vote of Thanks.

Book Three - Classic Speeches: Contains seven speeches (mainly political themes) of great oratorical merit. The selection includes speeches by Winston Churchill, Jawaharlal Nehru and Martin Luther King.

Book Four - Compendium of Retellable Tales: The author offers an array of over 500 gems of quotes, jokes, stories which he has successfully used among varied audiences to create laughter or emotional impact. He also offers several tips on how to adapt and retell them.

The book consists of almost 80 short chapters, which makes it very easy for the reader to choose and understand the topic they are interested in.

A very useful guide for beginners in the public speaking path, though for veteran and confident  public speakers it may be too fundamental and repetitive.

One Great Takeaway:

Extract from Chapter 43 - Handling Large Audiences

"India’s leaders must be prepared to speak to audiences of any size, up to tens of thousands. I asked Prime Minister Atal Behari Vajpayee, famous for his oratorical skill, for his secret. How does he keep such huge crowds gripped by his words and style. He replied:
‘Speak from your heart to their hearts. It is not enough to stimulate their intellects.’
So identify your listeners. Discover where their hearts lie and talk to them from your heart to theirs. Combine heart and mind."

How true ! If we have to learn just one thing about the art of public speaking, this should be the one ! 

Useful Links:

•  Table of Contents  

•  Three Sample Chapters:
• Chapter 43 - Handling Large Audiences; 
• Chapter 44 - Questions and Hostility
• Chapter 45 - Interruptions

The Secrets of Success in Coaching: 12 Ways to Excel as a Coach

Author:        Mick Cope
Published:    2010
Publisher:     Pearson Education Limited
Paperback: 152 Pages

According to the author the coaching can be really successful only when the coach is truly competent, follows a client-centric coaching approach, has a deep sense of ethical responsibility and seeks to help the client deliver change that is of value and sustainable.


Through this book the author shares with the reader his years of coaching experience and intends to help them become a highly successful and competent coach.


The book offers a tool kit of 12 techniques to excel as a coach. Each  technique is supplemented by a list of questions to ask the client. Answering these questions will develop a sense of self-awareness in the client which will be of great help in  their professional or personal journey towards self-improvement.


The techniques described are simple and practical. However couple of them are somewhat idealistic in my view - for e.g. not to coach the clients  who do not take ownership of their goals, objective of the coaching  being to make the client self-reliant and not dependent on the coaches anymore. 
Really noble intent ! But how many coaches  follow this principle !


The book is elegantly written using a very simple language and in short self-contained chapters, so that one can read a chapter and apply the idea immediately with their clients. A real handy and concise guide which every consultant or coach will find useful.


Key Takeaways:
(Extracts from the last chapter of the book)

• Look for real clients with a real passion to change – and if they are not ready to change don’t feed their delusion by playing at a coaching relationship.
• There is only one coaching question – ‘So what is stopping you?’ Your role is not to fix the client – rather it is to help the client understand this question, its relevance to them and how to frame and answer the question.
• Great goals are robust, clear and the client understands what they will feel like once delivered. Great outcomes create great journeys.
• There is no single style – there are just variations. The more that a coach can understand the variations, learn to flex and adapt their style and use these styles in an effortless way with the client, the greater chance they will have of delivering a coaching outcome that is successful and sustainable.
• The trick with solution generation is to get a fix that will give a successful and sustainable outcome. Success can be easy – it is the sustainable bit that can be hard. This is where you have to work hard to really push the client to be innovative about solutions they might never have considered attempting.
• The ability to look beyond what the client is saying and listen to what isn’t being said is critical. The more that a coach can tune and hone their ability to listen to the unsaid, the deeper appreciation they will have of the real issue and the better chance there will be of creating a real and sustainable outcome.
• In most cases big successes come from small changes. Your job is to help the client understand this and then learn how to push the pause button and change the important choices.
• Most people have made a change that they have failed to sustain. The coach’s job is to turn the ‘I’ve failed’ statement into ‘That’s interesting’. From this point the client can learn about what happened and why it happens, and then learn to recognize the triggers that cause regression and anticipate and avoid them next time round.
• The first gift that you offer is to help client fix the problem and the second gift is to help ensure it sticks. The last and greatest gift the client can offer is to understand how to coach themselves in the future and so ease the dependency on others. To do this you can help them to understand reflective learning and from this learning develop a self-coaching style that frees them of any further need for a coach.

Useful Links:

• Table of Contents
• 10-Page Book Summary

The Girl Who Kicked the Hornets' Nest

Author:        Stieg Larsson

Translator:   Reg Keeland
Published:   2009
Publisher:   Maclehose Press 

Paperback: 612 pages
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Readers in India

This is the final book in the Millennium Trilogy . The other two books are "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo"and "The Girl who Played with Fire". All the three books are translations from Swedish and have been in Amazons' Top 100 Bestseller lists for several months.
The saga of the protagonist Lisbeth Salander continues and after many twists and turns concludes, with her gaining the freedom to take her own decisions. There are too many characters in the story which makes the job of keeping track of them somewhat difficult. Nevertheless a  fairly good and interesting plot.
A good book for light reading and passing time, but hardly any re-read value. Same goes with the two prequels to this book.

Bat, Ball and Boundary - A Cricketer's Companion

Compiler:   Shelley Klein
Published:   2001
Publisher:    Michael O'Mara Books Limited
Hardcover: 180 Pages


Cricket over the years has become a very fast-paced, hectic and commercialized game. This anthology of  cricket writings takes you back to an era when it was a more leisurely sport. It has over 30 odd pieces spanning nearly 175 years (1807-1982) making a very delightful and interesting read for all the cricket lovers especially those in their 40s and above.


The authors featured in this anthology include  - Lord Byron, Anthony Trollope, Charles Dickens, E.W. Hornung, P.G. Wodehouse, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, Neville Cardus, Don Bradman.


The three of my favorite selections from this book are:


1. A Bowler's Innings - E.W. Hornung (circa 1900) : A moving story about a dying bowler who was the most popular player doing his prime.
2. The Story of Spedegue's Dropper - Sir Arthur Conan Doyle (1929) : An amusing tale about a Tom Spedegue and his spectacular and unconventional bowling feats.
3. The Cricket Match (An extract from the book England, their England) - A.G. Macdonell (1933) - A hilarious account of a village cricket match.


 Extracts from some other pieces:


1. 'Life is  simply a cricket match - with temptation as bowler. He's the fellow who takes nearly every boy's wicket some time or other. You see every boy has three wickets to defend. The first is Truth, the second Honor, the third Purity.' - (From Baxter's Second Innings- Anonymous, 1892)


2. 'But one beauty of cricket is that, if you cannot play it, you can at least look on and talk very learnedly, and find faults with the captain, showing how you would order matters if you were consulted.' - (From Introduction to Richard Daft's Kings of Cricket, Andrew Lang, 1893).


3. ' Cricket is a very humanizing game. It appeals to the emotions of local patriotism and pride. It is eminently unselfish; the love of it never leaves us, and binds all the brethren together, whatever their politics and rank maybe. There is nothing like it in the sports of mankind.' - - (From Introduction to Richard Daft's Kings of Cricket, Andrew Lang, 1893).


4. 'Sometimes a conflict may arise between the desire to please the public and the need to adopt an unattractive or unpopular policy. It can be most disconcerting if the public is clamoring for action and the captain feels it necessary to instruct his men to 'dig in'.  It isn't always pleasant trying to please 50,000 spectators, fifty journalists and ten other players. Sometimes I think the public would do well to ponder that captains are normal,sensitive human beings, striving so hard to do the right thing. They are not a race apart. Public support is a great tonic when the going is hard.' - (From Farewell to Cricket, Don Bradman, 1950)

Multiple City - Writings on Bangalore

Editor:        Aditi De
Published:   2008
Publisher:    Penguin Books India Ltd.
Paperback: 350 Pages
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Readers in India


51 short pieces of writings with a common theme - Bangalore, cover the entire life span of the city right from the days of its foundation being laid by Kempe Gowda to its current transformation into IT Capital of India.
Selections (both originals and translations) from a wide variety of literary genre - stories, poems, plays, articles, book extracts, blogs etc. are employed to convey the multi-faceted, multi-cultural nature of Bangalore.


Some of  the notables ones:

• The legend about the origin of the name "Bangalore"; 
• An historical account of Battle of Bangalore fought between British army and Tippu Sultan's forces near what is now Ulsoor Gate; 
• Translation of the Kannada song " Beledide Noda Bengaluru Nagara" from the1966  film 'Manekatti Nodu'.
• Century-old photographs of South Parade Road (Now M.G. Road), Commercial Street; Bull Temple; 
• Several nostalgic memoirs about  life in Cantonment, Gandhi Bazaar, Majestic; 
• An account of Mahatma Gandhi's stay in Bangalore;
• An article about Sir C.V. Raman on the role he played in Bangalore's emergence as a Center of Science; 
• An essay on budget restaurants serving high quality food - Kadambam, MTR, Adigas, Vidhyarthi Bhavan etc.;
• A biographical piece on Veena Doreswamy Iyengar who lived in Malleswaram;
• Articles about the  IT and Call Center business in Bangalore.

The authors  featured in this anthology include - R.K. Narayan, U.R. Ananthamurthy, P. Lankesh, Shashi Deshpande, Geeta Doctor, Winston S. Churchill, Anita Nair, Ramachandra Guha, Rajmohan Gandhi, Mahesh Dattani, William Darlymple and Thomas Friedman.


In short this anthology  is a sumptuous buffet spread of delicious dishes prepared by Master-Chefs to suit every palate. A must read for every  present, past and aspiring  citizens of Bangalore !